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India's billionaires, including Asia's two richest men Mukesh Ambani and Gautam Adani, are pledging huge investments, while Modi is setting up a renewables park the size of Singapore in his home state of Gujarat.īut reshaping an entire power network takes time and money, analysts warn.Īround 80 percent of India's solar panels are still imported from China, the world's biggest producer. Before Modi's announcement the IEA estimated solar and coal will converge at around 30 percent each by 2040 based on current policies. If this surge is sustained then coal-fired power for electricity generation could peak by 2024, according to Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA) projections.Ĭurrently, solar power accounts for four percent of electricity generation. It will be the solar state," he said of the next decade. Agarwal says demand has "accelerated" since 2019. It's such a huge transformation," Subodh Agarwal, Rajasthan's additional chief secretary for energy, told AFP.Īuthorities are incentivising renewables firms to set up in the region, known as the "desert state". "We've huge chunks of land where there's not a blade of grass. Proponents point to Bhadla Solar Park, one of the largest in the world, as an example of how innovation, technology, and public and private finance can drive swift change. "But it would be a big stretch and seems highly unrealistic, in view of various demand and supply challenges," Rustagi said. to show to the world that we are moving in the right direction," Vinay Rustagi from renewable energy consultancy Bridge to India, told AFP. "I believe this is more of an aspirational target. "India is one of the most vulnerable countries in the world for climate change and that is why it has this big push on renewables to decarbonise the power sector, but also reduce air pollution," Arunabha Ghosh, climate policy expert from the Council on Energy, Environment and Water, told AFP.īut experts say the country - the world's third-biggest carbon emitter - is some way from reaching its green targets, with coal set to remain a key part of the energy mix in the coming years.Īlthough India's green energy has increased five-fold in just over a decade to 100GW this year, the sector now needs to grow by the same proportion again to meet its 2030 goals. In the next two decades, it has to add a power system the size of Europe's to meet demand for its swelling population, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA), but it also has to tackle toxic air quality in its big cities. India, home to 1.3 billion people and poised to overtake China as the most populous country, has a growing and voracious appetite for energy - but it is also on the frontline of climate change. This pursuit of a greener future is fuelled by necessity. Today robots clean dust and sand off an estimated 10 million solar panels, while a few hundred humans monitor. Once an expanse of desert, authorities have capitalised on the sparsely populated area, claiming minimal displacement of local communities. The arid state of Rajasthan, where Bhadla Park takes up an area almost the size of San Marino, sees 325 sunny days each year, making it perfectly placed for the solar power revolution, officials say.